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Formulation of Hooke's Law, establishing the linear relationship between stress and strain

1678

First understanding of the strength of materials and causes of structural failure by Galileo Galilei

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1678

1744

Development of beam theory and buckling analysis; mathematical prediction of structural failure

1938

Introduction of electrical resistance strain gauges, enabling direct measurement of structural deformation

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1963

Emergence of systematic approaches to monitoring structural condition

1978

Introduction of Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors offering high sensitivity detection

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Acoustic Emission (AE) techniques were developed for detecting stress waves generated by damage mechanisms such as crack growth

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Deployment of networked sensing systems combining multiple variables (strain, vibration, acoustic) for structural assessment.

1996

2004

Pink Poppy Flowers

What's wrong with the current technology?

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